MA in Pentecostal-Charismatic Theology

BIBL 550 - Hermeneutics

Teacher Dr. S. Schumacher
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This module is essential in the reading and understanding of the Bible and all academic texts. As such it is a required course for all students.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Reading & Reflection paper
50 20%
Phase 2 40 50%
Participation
30 10%
Presentation
5 10%
Exam 5 30%
Phase 3 60 30%
Research Paper
60 30%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will deal with the two main aspects of hermeneutics: How do we understand? and, how do we interpret texts? It will explore different epistemological as well as various hermeneutical approaches. Particular attention will be given to more recent hermeneutical approaches. The course wants to assist the student to develop his own hermeneutical approach to Evangelical/Pentecostal provenience.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives

  • Understand and be able to explain the history of biblical interpretation.
  • Discuss and describe the hermeneutical approaches of the 1st century CE.
  • Identify key figures in biblical scholarship within the framework of hermeneutics and within the last several centuries and be able to outline and explain their hermeneutical approaches to Scripture.
  • To grasp and be able to analyze linguistic, sociological, and cultural aspects of an evangelical/Pentecostal hermeneutic.


B. Specific Learning Objectives

As a result of the activities and study in this course, students should be able to:

  • assess, evaluate, and discuss different hermeneutical approaches in the context of biblical scholarship over the past several centuries (e.g., in the form of classroom presentations).
  • examine hermeneutical principles for a Pentecostal/Evangelical approach to hermeneutics and contrast them with other hermeneutical approaches.
  • gather and organize hermeneutical elements for a Pentecostal/Evangelical interpretive approach to Scripture.
  • construct one's own hermeneutical approach to Scripture, formulate it carefully, and conclude by classifying or evaluating it in light of other approaches.
Outline
  • Introduction
  • How do we understand?
  • How do we exegete?
  • History of hermeneutics
  • Rabbinic hermeneutics
  • Jesus as Teacher
  • Pneumatic hermeneutics
  • Elements of Pentecostal Hermeneutics
  • Gospel and synoptic tradition
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:

Archer, Kenneth J. A Pentecostal Hermeneutic for the Twenty-First Century. London: T&T Clark International, 2004.

Cross, Terry. What Can Pentecostal Theology Offer Evangelical TheologyJPT 10.2 (2002), pp. 44-73.**

Hempelmann, Heinzpeter. Wie wir denken können. Wuppertal, 2000, Ss. 103-112.

Longenecker, Richard N. Biblical Exegesis in the Apostolic Period. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1975, pp. 6-35.**

Maier, Gerhard. Biblical Hermeneutics. Wheaton, Ill: Crossway Books, 1994, pp. 333-373.

_______. Biblische Hermeneutik. Wuppertal: Brockhaus, 1990, Ss. 295-331.

Maltese, Giovanni. Geisterfahrer zwischen Transzendenz und Immanenz. Göttingen: V&R Unipress, 2013.**

Riesner, Rainer. Jesus als Lehrer. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), 1984, Ss. 102-352.

Smith, James K. A., Thinking in Tongues. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010.**

Thiselton, Anthony C. New Horizons in HermeneuticsZondervan, 1997, pp. 142-178; 204-236.

Yong, Amos. The Spirit of Creation (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2011).**

**Required Readings

 

Aichele, Georg et al. The Postmodern Bible. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1995.

Archer, Melissa L. “I Was in the Spirit on the Lord’s Day”: A Pentecostal Engagement with Worship in the Apocalypse. Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2015.**

Barthes, R. The Pleasure of the Text. Translated by Richard Miller. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, 1975.

Borg, M. and N. T. Wright. The Meaning of Jesus: Two Visions. Harper San Francisco, 1999.

Branson, M. L. and C. R. Padilla, eds. Conflict and Context: Hermeneutics in the Americas. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1986.

Bultmann, Rudolf. Jesus and the Word. Fontana Books, 1934.

__________. New Testament & Mythology and Other Basic Writings. Translated and edited by Schubert M. Ogden. Fortress Press, 1984.

Conzelmann, H. und A. Lindemann. Arbeitsbuch zum Neuen Testament, Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), 1975.

__________. Interpreting the New Testament. An Introduction to the Principles and Methods of N.T. Exegesis. Peabody, 1988.

Croatto, J. S. Biblical Hermeneutics. Translated by Robert R. Barr. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1987.

Crossan, J. D. In Parables: The Challenge of the Historical Jesus. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1973.

Crossan, J. D. et al. The Jesus Controversy: Perspectives in Conflict. Philadelphia, PA: Trinity International Press, 1999.

Culler, Jonathan. On Deconstruction: Theory and Criticism after Structuralism. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1982.

Davis, Ellen F. and Richard B. Hays, eds. The Art of Reading Scripture. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2003.

Derrida, Jacques. Dissemination. Translated by B. Johnson. The University of Chicago Press, 1981.

Dieterich, Jörg, Hrsg. Streiflichter zur WissenschaftstheorieFriedensau, 1999.

Eagleton, T. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1983.

Fiorenza, Elisabeth Schüssler. Bread Not Stone. Boston, NJ: Beacon Press, 1984.

__________. The Power of Naming. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1996.

__________. Wisdom Ways. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2001.

Foucault, Michel. The Foucault Reader. Edited by Paul Rabinow. New York, NY: Pantheon Books, 1984.

Fredriksen, Paula. From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images of Jesus. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988.

__________Language, Hermeneutic, and the Word of God: The Problem of Language in the New Testament and Contemporary Theology. New York: Harper & Row, 1966; reprint: Missoula, Montana: Scholars Press, 1979.

Frei, H. W. The Eclipse of Biblical Narrative: A Study in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Hermeneutics. New Haven, CT: Yale, 1974.

Frestadius, Simo. Pentecostal Rationality: Epistemology and Pentecostal Hermeneutics in the Foursquare Tradition. London/New York: T&T Clark, 2020.**

Froehlich, Karlfried. Biblical Interpretation in the Early Church. Translated and edited by K. Froehlich. Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press, 1984.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Philosophical Hermeneutics. Translated and edited by D.E. Linge. Berkley, CA: University of California Press, 1976.

_________. Truth and Method. 2nd ed. Translated and revised by J. Weinsheimer and D.G. Marshall. New York, NY: The Continuum Publishing Company, 1975.

Gilligan, C. In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s DevelopmentCambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982.

Green, Chris E. W. Toward a Pentecostal Theology of the Lord’s Supper: Foretasting the Kingdom. Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2012.

Haacker, Klaus. Biblische Theologie als engagierte ExegeseWuppertal: Brockhaus, 1993.

Habermas, Jürgen. On the Pragmatics of Communication. Edited by Maeve Cooke. Massachusetts: MIT, 1998.

Hegel, G. W. F. Reason in History. Translated by R.S. Hartman. The Liberal Arts Press, 1953.

Kaplan, D. M. Ricoeur’s Critical Theory. New York, NY: State University of NY Press, 2003.

Hempelmann, Heinzpeter. Wie die wahre Welt zur Fabel wurde. Christliches Wahrheitszeugnis und postmoderner Wahrheitspluralismus. 4 Bände. Witten, 2008 (Band 4).

__________. Wie wir denken können. Wuppertal: Brockhaus, 2000.

Kelly, S. Racializing Jesus: Race, Ideology and the Formation of Modern Biblical Scholarship. Routledge, 2002.

Kwok, Pui-Ian and Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza eds. Women’s Sacred Scriptures. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1998.

Land, Steven Jack. Pentecostal Spirituality: A Passion for the Kingdom. Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2010.**

Larkin, William J., Jr. Culture and Biblical Hermeneutics. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1998.

Lentricchia, Frank. After the New Criticism. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1980.

Martin, Lee Roy. The Unheard Voice of God: A Pentecostal Hearing of the Book of Judges. JPSUP 32. Dorset: Deo Publishing, 2008.

McConnell, Frank, ed. The Bible and The Narrative Tradition. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1986.

McQueen, Larry R. Joel and the Spirit: The Cry of a Prophetic Hermeneutic. Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2009.

Moore, Rickie D. The Spirit of the Old Testament. JPTSup 35. Dorset: Deo Publishing, 2011.

Moore, S. D. Literary Criticism and the Gospels: The Theoretical Challenge. New Haven, CT: Yale, 1989.

_________. Poststructuralism and the New Testament: Derrida and Foucault at the Foot of the Cross. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1994.

Moore-Jumonville, R. The Hermeneutics of Historical Distance: Mapping the Terrain of American Biblical Criticism, 1880-1914. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 2002.

Mosala, I. J. Biblical Hermeneutics and Black Theology in South Africa. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1989.

Mouton, E. Reading a New Testament Document Ethically. Atlanta, GA: Society of Biblical Literature, 2002.

Palmer, R. E. Hermeneutics: Interpretation Theory in Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Heidegger, and Gadamer. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1969.

Pelikan, J. Jesus through the Centuries: His Place in the History of Culture. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985.

Pope-Levison, P. and J. R. Levison. Jesus in Global Contexts. Louisville, KY.: Westminster, John Knox Press, 1992.

Potok, C. In the Beginning. Fawcett Crest, NY: Ballantine Books, 1975.

Ricoeur, Paul. Figuring the Sacred: Religion, Narrative, and Imagination. Translated by D. Pellauer. Edited by M. I. Wallace. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1995.

_________. Freud & Philosophy: An Essay on Interpretation. Translated by D. Savage. New Haven, CT: Yale, 1970.

_________. From Text to Action: Essays in Hermeneutics, II. Translated by K. Blamey and J.B. Thompson. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1991.

_________. Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences: Essays on Language, Action and Interpretation. Edited and translated by John B. Thompson. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge, 1981.

_________. Interpretation Theory: Discourse and the Surplus of Meaning. Fort Worth, TX: Texas Cristian University Press, 1976.

_________. Oneself as Another. Translated by K. Blamey. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 1992.

_________. Orientalism: Western Conceptions of the Orient. New York, NY: Penguin, 1978.

Said, E. W. Culture and Imperialism. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1993.

Schottroff, Luise, S. Schroer, and M. T. Wacker. Feminist Interpretation: The Bible in Women’s Perspective. Translated by M. Rumscheidt. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1998.

Schnabel, E. J. und Heinz-Werner Neudorfer. Das Studium des Neuen Testaments. 2 Bände. Wuppertal: Brockhaus, 1999.

Stadelmann, Helge. Evangelikales Schriftverständnis: Die Bibel verstehen – der Bibel vertrauen. Muldenhammer Hammerbrücke: Jota Publications, 2005.

Stuhlmacher, Peter. Jesus of Nazareth; Christ of Faith. Translated by S. Schatzmann. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.

_________. Vom Verstehen des Neuen TestamentsNTD 6. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986.

Sugirtharajah, Rasiah S. The Bible and the Third World: Precolonial, Colonial, and Postcolonial

Encounters. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

_________. Postcolonial Criticism and Biblical Interpretation. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Thomas, John Christopher. The Apocalypse: A Literary and Theological Commentary. Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2012.

_________. The Spirit of the New Testament. Dorset: Deo Publishing, 2005.

Segovia, Fernando F. and Mary Ann Tolbert, eds. Teaching the Bible: The Discourses and Politics of Biblical Pedagogy. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1998.

Thiselton, Anthony C. New Horizons in Hermeneutics. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1997.

_________. Two HorizonsGrand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1980.

Via, Dan Otto. The Parables: Their Literary and Existential Dimension. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1967.

Wariboko, Nimi. The Pentecostal Hypothesis: Christ Talks, They Decide. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2020.**

Weaver, Walter P. The Historical Jesus in the Twentieth Century: 1900-1950. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1999.

Wessels, Antonie. Images of Jesus: How Jesus Is Perceived and Portrayed in Non-European Cultures. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1990.

West, Cornel. The Cornel West Reader. New York, NY: Basic Civitas Books, 1999.

_________. Prophesy Deliverance! An Afro-American Revolutionary Christianity. Philadelphia, PA: The Westminster Press, 1982.

Wilder, Amos N. Early Christian Rhetoric: The Language of the Gospel. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1971.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig. On Certainty. Edited by G. E. M. Anscombe and G. H. von Wright. New York, NY: Harper Torchbooks, 1969.

Other information


BIBL 570 - Book Study

Teacher TBA
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module provides a basis for Pentecostal-Charismatic Pneumatology and will provide essential historical and theological information.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Readings & Preparation
50 20%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation 30 20%
Presentations 10 10%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will focus on a careful exegetical analysis of the Greek or Hebrew text of the book under discussion. Matters of interpretation and elements of advanced grammar will be discussed. The specific book chosen for the seminar may vary from year to year.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • Introduce students to the importance of the book in its ancient contexts.
  • Introduce students to the canonical place and import of the book.
  • Acquaint students with major lines of contemporary biblical scholarship on the book.
  • Introduce students to the key historical factors, literary features, and theological contributions of the book.
  • Encourage and enable students to appropriate and apply the richness and relevance of the book to contemporary Christian faith and vocation. 

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Identify and explain the major literary and theological features of the book.
  • Demonstrate an informed understanding of the place and import of the book in the history of Israel.
  • Recognize and explain major scholarly approaches to the book.
  • Identify key historical factors, literary features, and theological contributions of the book.
  • Understand and articulate the overall place, relevance, and import of the book for canonical Scripture, Christian faith, and contemporary vocation.
Outline
  • Canonical Context of the Book
  • Historical Context of the Book
  • Literary Features of the Book
  • Major Lines of Biblical Scholarship on the Book
  • Exposition of the Major Sections of the Book
  • Theological Import and Application of the Book
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Depending on the Book! This information will be published on Moodle!
Other information


PHIL 552 - Philosophy of Religion

Teacher Dr. T. Miller
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module is essential to theological courses which engage in reasoning about God, his existence, and his sovereignty. The philosophical reflection on faith and reason, theodicy, and related topics will be of benefit in all other theological courses.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Readings & Journal
50 20%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation & Discussions
40 30%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course undertakes a critical analysis and evaluation of reasoning about God. Topics covered include the concept of God, arguments for and against God’s existence, the relation between faith and reason, the problem of evil, religious pluralism, and other related topics.
This course introduces a contemporary philosophical reflection on the concept of God, arguments for and against God’s existence, the problem of evil, the relation between faith and reason, and related topics in the philosophy of religion. 
Assigned readings and class discussions will focus on selected basic questions, such as: 
a) What is religion 
b) What is classical theism and is it coherent? 
c) What rational arguments or grounds are there for theism and for atheism/agnosticism? 
d) What is the nature of faith? Is it rational? Does it have to be? 
e) Could a perfectly good God permit evil or the sort of evil that occurs? 
f) If God exists, what difference might this make to human existence and to one’s own life? 
g) What are some of the major obstacles to religious faith in our postmodern world?
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • Introduce students to philosophical reflection on classical theism.
  • Provide a detailed analysis of the main arguments for and against God’s existence.
  • Relate philosophical reflection on the nature of God to other central philosophical issues such as the nature of freedom, the problem of evil, and the origin of morality.
  • Relate philosophical reflection on arguments for and against God’s existence to other important philosophical topics such as the relation of faith and reason, the nature and availability of knowledge, and the justification of religious belief.
  • Introduce students to a wide range of philosophers of religion and their views on such topics as miracles, life after death, the problem of evil, and religious pluralism.
  • Introduce students to social and scientific perspectives on religion.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the study and activities of this course, the student should be able to:

  • Thoughtfully and carefully discuss the concept of God and related philosophical debates about the nature of freedom, the problem of evil, and the origin and objectivity of morality
  • Explain and assess the main arguments for and against God’s existence in the history of western thought
  • Demonstrate a basic grasp of issues related to the problem of faith’s relation to reason and the justification of religious belief
  • Explain and assess the positions of leading philosophers of religion
  • Explain and critically analyze the coherence of classical theism
  • Show the ability to discuss social and scientific perspectives on religion
Outline
  • What is Philosophy of Religion?
  • The Relation between Faith and Reason
  • The Idea of God and God’s Existence
  • Modern/Postmodern World Views and Theistic Issues
  • The Problem of Evil
  • Life After Death
  • Miracles
  • Science and Religion
  • Religious Pluralism
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Rowe, William L. Philosophy of Religion: An Introduction. 4th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 2007.
Pojman, Louis P. and Rea, Michael. Philosophy of Religion: An Anthology. 5th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 2008.

Reading List:
Ervin, Howard M. “Hermeneutics: A Pentecostal Option,” Pneuma: Journal of the Society for Pentecostal Studies 3:2 [fall 1981]: 11-25.
Evans, C. Stephan. Philosophy of Religion: Thinking about Faith. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, 1985
Land, Steven J. Pentecostal Spirituality: A Passion for the Kingdom. Sheffield, England: Sheffield Academic Press, 1993.
Penner, Myron B., ed. Christianity and the Postmodern Turn. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2005.
Smith, James K.A. Thinking in Tongues. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010.
________. Desiring the Kingdom. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2009.
Yong, Amos. Spirit-Word-Community. Aldershot: Ashgate Pub., 2002.

Other information


THEO 535 - Doctrine of the Holy Spirit

Teacher Dr. S. Schumacher
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability The student will be assisted in establishing his/her own pneumatological outline of a biblical book and in constructing his/her own pneumatological approach, or pneumatology. In a final step, the student will bring the contours of such pneumatology in conversation with contemporary scholarship and ministry, engaging in a pneumatological discussion on the relevance of his/her pneumatology for the present and future.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Reading assignments
50 20%
Phase 2 40 50%
Participation
30 20%
Two presentations
10 30%
Phase 3 60 30%
Research Paper 60 30%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will deal with the doctrine of the Holy Spirit (pneumatology) and will first focus on the history of the treatment of the Spirit from 30 AD until today. A particular focus will then be given to the development of the doctrine of the Spirit among scholarship within the last 150 years before the class directs its attention to the emergence of Pentecostal pneumatology. Here, various past and contemporary pneumatological approaches among early Pentecostals and contemporary Pentecostal scholars will be highlighted and discussed.
Learning Objectives
  • To discuss the history of the doctrine of the Holy Spirit and to locate specific time periods, changes, and shifts in church history in relation to the establishment of pneumatology. 
  • To analyze and compare various pneumatological approaches within the last 120 years. 
  • Formulate your own pneumatological approach based on a particular book of the Bible. 
  • To demonstrate a basic scriptural understanding of the nature and functions of the Spirit of God. 
  • To appraise contemporary topics and issues regarding pneumatology (i.e. in contemporary ecclesiology) and to evaluate the impact of the current Pentecostal scholarship on contemporary ministry.
Outline
  • Definition of pneumatology
  • Pneumatological discussions and approaches over the last centuries
  • North American Pentecostal movements
  • Pentecostal outline of pneumatology of the Torah
  • Contemporary Pentecostal contexts (1990-today)
  • Constructing a pneumatology based on a particular book of the Old or New Testament
  • Applying pneumatology to contemporary Pentecostal ministry and scholarship.
  • Appraise the characteristics of pneumatology of the particular book chosen and compare and contrast them with the contemporary ecclesiology of Terry Cross.
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Textbooks:
Terry L. Cross, The People of God’s Presence: An Introduction to Ecclesiology (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2019).
Steffen Schumacher, The Spirit of God in the Torah – A Pentecostal Exploration (PhD thesis; Cleveland, TN: CPT Cleveland, 2021).

Reading List:
Albertz, Rainer, and Claus Westermann, ‘xwr’, in Ernst Jenni and Claus Westermann (eds.), THAT (2 vols.; München: Christian Kaiser Verlag, 1978–1979), vol. 2 (1979), pp. 726-53. 
Augustine, Daniela C., Pentecost, Hospitality, and Transfiguration: Toward a Spirit-inspired Vision of Social Transformation (Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2012). 
Blumhofer, Edith L., ‘Introduction’, in Edith L. Blumhofer, Russell P. Spittler and Grant A. Wacker (eds.), Pentecostal Currents in American Protestantism (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1999), pp. ix-xiii.
Briggs, Charles A., ‘The Use of Ruah in the Old Testament’, JBL 19.2 (1900), pp. 132-45. 
Cross, Terry L., The People of God’s Presence: An Introduction to Ecclesiology (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2019). 
_____, ‘Toward a Theology of the Word and the Spirit: A Review of J. Rodman Williams’s Renewal Theology’, JPT 3 (1993), pp. 113-35.
Dabney, D. Lyle, Die Kenosis des Geistes: Kontinuität zwischen Schöpfung und Erlösung im Werk des Heiligen Geistes (NBST; Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1997). 
Davies, Andrew, ‘Reading in the Spirit: Some Brief Observations on Pentecostal Interpretation and the Ethical Difficulties of the Old Testament’, JBV 30.3 (2009), p. 303-11. 
_____, ‘The Spirit of Freedom: Pentecostals, the Bible and Social Justice’, JEPTA 31.1 (2011), pp. 53-64. 
Dreytza, Manfred, Der Theologische Gebrauch von Ruah im Alten Testament: Eine Wort- und Satzsemantische Studie (Gießen: Brunnen Verlag, 2nd edn, 1992). 
Edwards, Denis, Breath of Life: A Theology of the Creator Spirit (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2004). 
Ellington, Scott A., ‘The Sustainer of Life: The Role of the Spirit of God in Creation’, APS 12 (2009), pp. 9-24. 
Felix-Jager, Steven, ‘Inspiration and Discernment in Pentecostal Aesthetics’, JPT 23.1 (2014), pp. 85-104. 
Fettke, Steven M., ‘The Spirit of God Hovered over the Waters: Creation, the Local Church, and the Mentally and Physically Challenged, a Call to Spirit-Led Ministry’, JPT 17.2 (2008), pp. 170-82. 
Gause, R. Hollis, ‘Issues in Pentecostalism’, in Russell P. Spittler (ed.) Perspectives on the New Pentecostalism (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1976), pp. 106-16. 
Goldingay, John, ‘Was the Holy Spirit Active in Old Testament Times? What Was New about the Christian Experience of God?’, ExAu 12 (1996), pp. 14-28. 
Gunkel, Hermann, Die Wirkungen des Heiligen Geistes nach der populären Anschauung der Apostolischen Zeit und der Lehre des Apostels Paulus: Eine Biblisch-Theologische Studie (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1888). 
Hehn, Johannes, ‘Zum Problem des Geistes im Alten Orient und im Alten Testament’, ZAW 43.1 (1925), pp. 210-25. 
Hildebrandt, Wilf, An Old Testament Theology of the Spirit of God (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1995). 
Hubbard, Jr, Robert L., ‘The Spirit and Creation’, in David G. Firth and Paul D. Wegner (eds.), Presence, Power and Promise: The Role of the Spirit of God in the Old Testament (Nottingham, England: Apollos, 2011), pp. 71-91.
Johns, Jackie David, The Pedagogy of the Holy Spirit according to Early Christian Tradition (Leipzig: Center for Pentecostal Ministries, 2012). 
Kärkkäinen, Veli-Matti, ‘Towards a Theology and Ecclesiology of the Spirit: Marquette University’s 1998 Symposium, “An Advent of the Spirit: Orientations in Pneumatology’’’, JPT 14 (1999), pp. 65-80. 
Kim, Kirsteen, The Holy Spirit in the Word: A Global Conversation (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2007). 
Levison, John R., Filled with the Spirit (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2009). 
McMahan, Oliver, ‘Grief Observed: Surprised by the Suffering of the Spirit’, in Steven J. Land, Rick Dale Moore and John Christopher Thomas (eds.), Passover, Pentecost, and Parousia: Studies in Celebration of the Life and Ministry of R. Hollis Gause (JPTSup 35; Dorset, UK: Deo Publishing, 2010), pp. 296-314. 
McQueen, Larry R., Joel and the Spirit (Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2009). 
Miskov, Jennifer A., ‘Coloring Outside the Lines: Pentecostal Parallels with Expressionism. The Work of the Spirit in Place, Time, and Secular Society?’, JPT 19.1 (2010), pp. 94-117. 
Mittelstadt, Martin William, The Spirit and Suffering in Luke–Acts: Implications for a Pentecostal Pneumatology (JPTSup 26; London: T & T Clark, 2004). 
Moltmann, Jürgen, The Spirit of Life: A Universal Affirmation (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1992). 
_____, The Source of Life: The Holy Spirit and the Theology of Life (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1997). 
Moore, Rick Dale, The Spirit of the Old Testament (JPTSup 35; Blandford Forum, Dorset, UK: Deo Publishing, 2011). 
Moore, Rick Dale, and Brian Neil Peterson, Voice, Word, and Spirit: A Pentecostal Old Testament Survey (Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 2017). 
Müller-Fahrenholz, Geiko, God’s Spirit: Transforming a World in Crisis (New York/Geneva: Continuum/WCC Publications, 1995). 
Neve, Lloyd Rudolph, The Spirit of God in the Old Testament (CPTC; Cleveland, TN: CPT Press, 2011). 
Payne, J. Barton, ‘xwr’, in R. Laird Harris, Gleason L. Archer, and Bruce K. Waltke (eds.), TWOT (Chicago: Moody Publisher, 1980), pp. 836-37. 
Pinnock, Clark H., ‘The Work of the Holy Spirit in Hermeneutics’, JPT 2 (1993), pp. 3-23. 
_____, Flame of Love: A Theology of the Holy Spirit (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1996). 
Rogers, Eugene F., After the Spirit: A Constructive Pneumatology from Resources Outside the Modern West (RadTrad; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2005).
Schumacher, Steffen, The Spirit of God in the Torah – A Pentecostal Exploration (PhD thesis; Cleveland, TN: CPT Cleveland, 2021). 
Shults, F. LeRon, ‘Spirit and Spirituality: Philosophical Trends in Late Modern Pneumatology’, Pneuma 30.2 (2008), pp. 271-87. 
Spittler, Russell P., ‘The Pentecostal View’, in Donald L. Alexander (ed.) Christian Spirituality: Five Views of Sanctification (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1988) 
Synan, H. Vinson, Voices of Pentecost: Testimonies of Lives Touched by the Holy Spirit (Ann Arbor, MI: Servant Publications, 2003).
Thomas, John Christopher, ‘Holy Spirit and Interpretation’, in Stanley E. Porter (ed.) DBCI (New York, NY: Routledge, 2007), pp. 165-66.
_____, ‘“Where the Spirit Leads”: The Development of Pentecostal Hermeneutics’, JBV 30.3 (2009), pp. 289-302. 
Waddell, Robby C., The Spirit of the Book of Revelation (JPTSup 30; Dorset: Deo Publishing, 2006). 
Wallace, Mark I., Fragments of the Spirit: Nature, Violence, and the Renewal of Creation (New York, NY: Continuum, 1996). 
Welker, Michael, God the Spirit (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 1994). 
Westermann, Claus, ‘Geist im Alten Testament’, EvT 41.3 (1981), pp. 223-30. 
Wright, Christopher J.H., Knowing the Holy Spirit through the Old Testament (Oxford; Downers Grove, IL: Monarch Books; InterVarsity, 2006). 
Wyckoff, John W., Pneuma and Logos: The Role of the Spirit in Biblical Hermeneutics (Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2010). 
Yong, Amos, ‘Ruach, the Primordial Chaos, and the Breath of Life: Emergence Theory and the Creation Narratives in Pneumatological Perspective’, in Michael Welker (ed.) The Work of the Spirit: Pneumatology and Pentecostalism (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2006), pp. 183204. 
_____, ‘Disability and the Gifts of the Spirit: Pentecost and the Renewal of the Church’, JPT 19.1 (2010), pp. 76-93. 
_____, The Spirit of Creation: Modern Science and Divine Action in the Pentecostal-Charismatic Imagination (PM; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2011).
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THEO 553 - History of Doctrine II

Teacher Dr. C. Stephenson
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module seeks to inform the students of the historical basis and development of the major doctrines and theological loci. This provides a solid basis for further theological study and practical theology.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 25%
Reading & Reflection paper
50 25%
Phase 2 40 25%
Participation
30 10%
Presentations
10 15%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course intends to provide the student with a basic grasp of the contour and shape of doctrinal development from the early church to the eighteenth century, as viewed through the lenses of major theologians, controversies, or movements within each period.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to: 

  • Provide a chronological and genetic development of select doctrines through the history of Christian thought up to the twentieth century
  • Describe the philosophical and theological origins of the doctrines within the period to be studied
  • Relate theologians on their own terms from each specific historical context and the issues comprising that context
  • Explain the connections between various theologians and demonstrate how each thinker read previous theologians in light of their own concerns
  • Expose students to as many primary texts as possible 

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Explain how certain doctrines developed through the history of the Church up to the twentieth century
  • Identify the philosophical and theological bases for each doctrine within the period to be studied
  • Demonstrate an awareness of the theological concerns expressed within each period studied
  • Compare and contrast various doctrinal perspectives with attention to how later theologians appropriated earlier ones
  • Identify and explain the basic content of primary texts covered
Outline
  • Historical Interlude I: Protestant Reformation (1517-1564)
  • Historical Interlude II: Catholic Reformation (1545-1617)
  • FIRST DOCTRINAL LOCUS: JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH, PART 1
  • Historical Interlude III: Protestant Scholasticism (1564-1700)
  • Historical Interlude V: Evangelical Awakenings & Enlightenment (1700-1799)
  • SECOND DOCTRINAL LOCUS: Sanctification
  • THIRD DOCTRINAL LOCUS: Theological Anthropology
  • FOURTH DOCTRINAL LOCUS: Scripture, Revelation, Historicity, & Truth
  • FIFTH DOCTRINAL LOCUS: ECCLESIOLOGY: The Doctrine of the Church
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbook:
Gonzalez, Justo L. A History of Christian Thought: From the Protestant Reformation to the Twentieth Century. Revised edition. Vol. 3, Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press, 1988.

Reading List:
Martin Luther, On the Freedom of Christians
John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, Book III, chapters 11-19
The Council of Trent on Justification
The Joint Declaration on Justification by the Lutheran World Federation and the Catholic Church, 1999
Clark Pinnock, A Theology of the Holy Spirit, chapter 5, “Spirit and Union”
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, The Cost of Discipleship (see section 31, 32 “The Saints” and “The Image of Christ.”)
Martin Luther, Commentary on Galatians
John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, I, chapters 1-8
A.A. Hodge, Outlines of Theology (1879); reprinted Eerdmans, 1948, pp. 66-69
F.D.E. Schleiermacher, The Christian Faith
Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics Vol l, Ch. 1
Emil Brunner, Truth as Encounter
Martin Buber, I/Thou
Rudolf Bultmann, Jesus Christ and Mythology
Karl Rahner, Foundations of the Christian Faith
J.I. Packer, God Has Spoken
Stanley Hauerwas, Why Narrative?
J.A. Dorner, History of the Development of the Doctrine of the Person of Christ
Frederich Schleiermacher, The Christian Faith secs. 88, 94
Karl Barth, The Humanity of God (an essay)
Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Christ the Center
D.M. Baillie, God was in Christ
Jurgen Moltmann, The Crucified God
George S. Hendry, The Gospel of the Incarnation
John B. Cobb, Christ in a Pluralistic Age
Jon Sobrino, Christology at the Crossroads: A Latin American Approach
Daniel Migliore, Faith seeking Understanding (ch 9, pp 165-184)
Hodgson and King, Christian Theology: An Introduction to its Traditions and Tasks (ch 10, pp 248-273)
Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics, IV/1-3
Veli-Matti Karkkainen, Pneumatology (chs 1,3,4,5,6)
James K.A. Smith, Thinking in Tongues (chs 2,3)
Frank Macchia, Baptized in the Spirit: A Global Pentecostal Theology (chs. 4,6)

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THEO 556 - German Pentecostalism

Teacher Dr. C. Simpson
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module shows the unique development of Pentecostalism in Germany and how this changed through time. It is applicable to the Lutheran Reception, contemporary, and Pentecostal theology modules.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Readings & Journal
50 20%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation
30 10%
Presentations
10 20%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This module is an in-depth study of the life and ministry of Jonathan Paul, Lutheran Pastor and early pioneer of the Pentecostal Movement in Germany. Much use will be made of primary sources to analyze the growth of the Pentecostal Movement in Germany in the early part of the twentieth century and later developments after World War II.
Learning Objectives

General Learning Objectives

  • To understand the history of the Pentecostal Church in Germany.
  • To be able to analyze and discuss the theological approaches that have impacted Twentieth Century German Pentecostalism.
  • Provide the background for reflection on the role of the key European figures who contributed to the development of the Pentecostal Movement in Germany.
  • Enhance the understanding of nationalistic, sociological, and cultural aspects of the Pentecostal Movement in Germany.

Specific Learning Objectives
At the end of this course, the students should be able to:

  • Demonstrate a chronological understanding of the history of German Pentecostalism
  • Analyze the theological approaches of Twentieth Century Pentecostalism in Germany.
  • Appraise the importance of the individuals and groups who shaped the German Pentecostal Movement.
  • Compare and contrast the effects of nationalism and culture on the sociological development of Pentecostalism in Germany.
  • Examine the importance of German Pentecostalism to the global Pentecostal movement.
Outline
  • An illustrated Biopic of Jonathan Paul (1853-1931)
  • The Effect of Early 20th-Century Revivals on Germany
  • The Hamburg Conference 1908
  • The Berlin Declaration 1909
  • Growth Despite Opposition 1910
  • The Mülheim Movement
  • Later Developments of German Pentecostalism
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Clark, Paul. Die Grundung von Pfingstgemeinden in Deutschland, 1945-2005. Bad Dürkheim, Priority, 2011.
________German Pentecostal Church Planting 1945-2005. Benton Harbor, MI: Priority Publishing, 2011.
Schmidgall, Paul. European Pentecostalism, 2011.
Simpson, Carl. ‘A Critical Evaluation of the Contribution of Jonathan Paul to the Development of the German Pentecostal Movement’. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Glyndŵr, 2011.

Reading List:
Dietze, Reimer. Deutschlands freikirchliche Pfingstbewegung auf dem Vormarsch: Ihr Weg von den Anfängen bis zur Gründung der “Arbeitsgemeinschaft” 1947. Erzhausen, Germany: Manuscript available from the Author, 1993.
Eisenlöffel, Ludwig. Freikirchliche Pfingstbewegung in Deutschland: Innenansichten 1945-1985. Göttingen: V&R Unipress, 2006.
Fleisch, Paul. Die Pfingstbewegung in Deutschland. Hannover: Heinr. Feesch Verlag. 1957.
________. Geschichte der Pfingstbewegung in Deutschland von 1900 bis 1950. 2d ed. Marburg Lahn, Germany: Francke Verlag, 1983.
Giese, Ernst. Jonathan Paul, Ein Knecht Jesu Christi, Leben und Werk, 2. Auflage. Altdorf: Missionsbuchhandlung, 1965.
________. Und Flicken die Netze. Dokumente zur Erweckungsgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Marburg: Giese, 1976.
Hampel, Dieter, Richard Krüger, and Gerhard Oertel. Der Auftrag bleibt: Der Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden auf dem Weg ins dritte Jahrtausend. Erzhausen, Germany: Bund Freikirchlicher Pfingstgemeinden, 2009.
Holthaus, Stephan. Die Berliner Erklärung: Ihre Vorgeschichte und ihr Zustandekommen. Bibelbund e.V., mit freundlicher Genehmigung. Erschienen als Sonderdruck des Bibelbundes, Nr. 185, 1996.
________. “90 Jahre Berliner Erklärung: Ihre Vorgeschichte und ihr Zustandekommen”. F.T.A. Giessen, 1999.
Junghardt, Adelheid and Ekkehart Vetter. Ruhrfeuer. Mülheim a.d. Ruhr: Christus Gemeinde, 2004.
Krust, Christian H. 50 Jahre Deutsche Pfingstbewegung Mülheimer Richtung. Altdorf Missionsbuchhandlung, 1958.

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THEO 573 - Pentecostal Theology

Teacher Dr. C. Simpson
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module is fundamental to the course of study and is applicable to all theological modules in particular Contemporary Theology, German Pentecostalism, and the Lutheran Reception modules.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 60 25%
Readings & Responses
40 15%
Readings & Critical Analysis
20 10%
Phase 2 40 25%
Participation
30 10%
Presentation
10 15%
Phase 3 50 50%
Research Paper
50 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course is intended to engage the graduate student in the recent development of theology among Pentecostals, focusing in particular on the areas of theological methodology, experience and epistemology, and various doctrinal loci as seen through a Pentecostal lens.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to: 

  • provide a historical perspective of the theological roots of Pentecostal thought.
  • describe the theological trends among early Pentecostal thinkers.
  • explain the connections between various traditional doctrines that Pentecostals share with other Christians as well as explain the differences.
  • demonstrate the need for theological reflection in Pentecostalism.
  • suggest future orientations and directions for Pentecostal theology.
  • compare and contrast various proposed theological models for Pentecostal theology.
  • inspect the role of experience in relation to theological reflection and epistemology.
  • offer an overview of Pentecostal ways of engaging and understanding traditional doctrinal loci.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Explain how the various doctrines studied can be conceived through the lens of Pentecostalism.
  • Identify the historical and theological roots of Pentecostal theology.
  • Compare and contrast various models of Pentecostal theology.
  • Sketch the possibilities for a future theological endeavor within the Pentecostal movement.
  • Appraise the influence of evangelicalism on Pentecostal thought.
  • Relate the role of experience with Pentecostal theological reflection.
Outline
  • The Challenge of Pentecostalism and Theology
  • The Relation of Evangelical Theology and Pentecostal Theology
  • Can there be a Pentecostal Systematic Theology?
  • Theological Roots of Pentecostal Theology
  • Scripture, Hermeneutics, and Pentecostals
  • Soteriology and Pentecostal Theology
  • Sanctification and Pneumatology in Pentecostal Theology
  • Ecclesiology and Pentecostal Theology
  • Eschatology and Pentecostal Theology
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Reading List:
Albrecht, Daniel E. 1999. Rites in the Spirit: A Ritual Approach to Pentecostal/Charismatic Spirituality. Sheffield Academic Press
Anderson, Allan H & Hollenweger, Walter J (eds.) 1999. Pentecostals After a Century: Global Perspectives on a Movement in Transition. Sheffield Academic Press
Anderson, Allan 2000. Zion and Pentecost: The Spirituality and Experience of Pentecostal and Zionist/Apostolic Churches in South Africa. Pretoria: University of South Africa Press
Anderson, Allan & Tang, Edmond (eds.) 2005. Asian and Pentecostal: The Charismatic Face of Asian Christianity. Oxford: Regnum & Baguio City, Philippines: APTS Press
Burgess, SM & van der Maas, E (eds) 2003. New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements. Grand Rapids: Zondervan
Cox, Harvey 1996. Fire From Heaven: The Rise of Pentecostal Spirituality and the Reshaping of Religion in the Twenty-First Century. London: Cassell
Dayton, Donald W 1987. Theological Roots of Pentecostalism. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press
Dempster, MA, Klaus, BD & Petersen, D (eds) 1991. Called and Empowered: Global Mission in Pentecostal Perspective. Peabody: Hendrickson
Dempster, MA, Klaus, BD & Petersen, D (eds) 1999. The Globalization of Pentecostalism: A Religion Made to Travel. Oxford: Regnum
Faupel, D William 1996. The Everlasting Gospel: The Significance of Eschatology in the Development of Pentecostal Thought. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press
Hilborn, David (ed.) 2001. ‘Toronto’ in Perspective: Papers on the New Charismatic Wave of the mid-1990s. Carlisle: Paternoster
Hollenweger, Walter J 1972. The Pentecostals. London: SCM
Hollenweger, Walter J 1997. Pentecostalism: Origins and Developments Worldwide. Peabody: Hendrickson
Jacobsen, Douglas 2003. Thinking in the Spirit: Theologies of the Early Pentecostal Movement. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
Johns, Cheryl B 1993. Pentecostal Formation: a pedagogy among the oppressed. Sheffield Academic Press
Land, Steven J 1993. Pentecostal Spirituality: A Passion for the Kingdom. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press
Perriman, Andrew (ed) 2003. Faith Health and Prosperity: A Report on ‘Word of Faith’ and ‘Positive Confession’ Theologies by ACUTE. Carlisle: Paternoster
Yong, Amos 2000. Discerning the Spirit(s): A Pentecostal-Charismatic Contribution to Christian Theology of Religions. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press
Yong, Amos 2005. The Spirit Poured Out On All Flesh: Pentecostalism And The Possibility Of Global Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic
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THEO 575 - Contemporary Theology

Teacher Dr. T. Cross
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module seeks to place Pentecostal-Charismatic Theology in the general theological milieu in particular evangelical theology and to investigate the contribution of more recent scholarly academic work. It is essential for all theological modules.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Readings & Journals
50 20%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation
30 10%
Presentations
10 20%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course is intended to provide an overview of the significant people and trends of the theological landscape in the past two centuries. Such an overview will expose students to a variety of theological approaches throughout the world and will thereby more adequately equip students for an understanding of the current theological scene.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • Provide an overview of significant theologians and trends of thought in contemporary theology.
  • Explain the connections between various theologians’ expressions of doctrine throughout the modern era.
  • Demonstrate the cultural and historical setting of each theologian’s doctrinal expression.
  • Relate the historical development of these doctrines to the formulation and meaning of theology in the contemporary church and academy.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Explain the cultural and historical background of each theologian’s thought.
  • Identify the philosophical and theological bases for each theological trend.
  • Demonstrate an understanding of the theological connections between major Christian thinkers from 1800 to the present.
  • Compare and contrast various theologians’ understandings of the doctrines studied.
Outline
  • The Historical and Philosophical Background of the Nineteenth Century: 1799-1914
  • The Theology of the Word of God: A Theology of Crisis?
  • Christian Existentialism
  • Christian Realism: A Post-Liberal American Theology
  • Roman Catholic Theology after Vatican II (1962-1965)
  • Contextual Theologies: Political Theology & Liberation Theology
  • Process Theology
  • Theologies of Fundamentalism, Evangelicalism, and Pentecostalism(s)
  • The Types of Modern Theology According to Hans Frei
  • Where in the 21st Century?
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Livingston, James C. and Francis Schüssler Fiorenza. Modern Christian Thought: The Enlightenment and the Nineteenth Century. Volume 1.2nd edition. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2006.
Livingston, James C. and Francis Schüssler Fiorenza. Modern Christian Thought: The Twentieth Century. Volume 2.2nd edition. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2006.

Reading List:
Barth Karl. Die protestantische Theologie im 19. Jahrhundert. Zürich: Theologischer Verlag, 1946.
Ebertshäuser, Rudolf. Die charismatische Bewegung im Licht der Bibel. Bielefeld: CLV Verlag, 1995.
Fleming, Ken. Biblische Prinzipien des Gemeindewachstums. Bielefeld: Bethanien Verlag, 2001.
Ellingsen, Mark. The Evangelical Movement: Growth, Impact, Controversy, Dialog. Minneapolis: Augsburg Press, 1988.
Gunton, Colin E. Theology through the Theologians: Selected Essays, 1972 - 1995. London: T & T Clark, 1996.
Grenz, Stanley J. and Roger E. Olson.20th-Century Theology: God and the World in a Transitional Age. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1992.
Gundry, Stanley and Alan F. Johnson. Tensions in Contemporary Theology. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1983.
Lindbeck, George A. The Nature of Doctrine: Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age. Philadelphia: The Westminister Press, 1984.
MacQuarrie, John. Twentieth-Century Religious Thought. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1981.
McGrath, Alister.(Editor) The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Modern Christian Thought. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1993.
Packer, J. I.“Fundamentalism” and the Word of God. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1958, reprint 1990.
Pinnock, Clark H. Tracking the Maze. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1990.
Smith, David L. A Handbook of Contemporary Theology. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1998.
The Modern Theologians: An Introduction to Christian Theology in the Twentieth Century. Edited by David F. Ford. Second Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, Ltd., 1997.

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THEO 577 - Theology Seminar Wesley

Teacher Dr. G. Sommer
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability There is a focus on the special German history of the Holiness Movement leading to Pentecostalism; in particular, their specific political and social parameters in this country. It is a necessary preparation for THEO 593 Jonathan Paul and the German Pentecostal Movement.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 60 20%
Required Reading & Journal
60 20%
Phase 2 40 40%
Participation 30 20%
Presentation 10 20%
Phase 3 50 40%
Research Paper 50 40%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course offers a survey of the history and contents of the Holiness movement from John Wesley and the Methodist Church; Holiness preachers in Britain and the USA; the Keswick Higher Life Movement; the Welsh Revival as precursors to the Pentecostal movement.
Learning Objectives
  • To give a presentation on the development of the Holiness movement.
  • To explain the present-day situation of the Pentecostal movement considering the history of the Holiness movement.
  • To analyze certain theological positions, which are important for the development of the Holiness movement. 
  • To consider the life of selected people, who are important for the Holiness movement.
  • A detailed study of two different churches and movements, which the Holiness movement has strongly influenced. 
  • To reflect on the lessons of the history of the Holiness movement for present-day Christian ministry. 
Outline
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. John Wesley and the Methodist church
  • 3. The Keswick Movement
  • 4. The Holiness Movement and its Impact on Society
  • 5. Three Voices Wake a Sleeping Church (1854)
  • 6. Moody, Terry and Gray
  • 7. Methodists and the Holiness Movement
  • 8. The most important representatives of the Holiness movement in the German-speaking area, Jellinghaus, Jonathan Paul, Baroness von Brasch, Hedwig von Reden etc
  • 9. The Evangelization and Mission movement in the German-speaking area
  • 10. Theological problems of the Holiness movement.
  • 11. The Fellowship movement (“Die Gemeinschaftsbewegung”)
  • 12. The specific difficulties of free churches (“Freikirchen”) in Prussia and the German Empire. 
  • 13. The end of the classic Holiness movement and the formation of Pentecostalism.
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Textbooks: 
• Dieter, Easterday Melvin, The Holiness Revival of the Nineteenth Century Metuchen 1980. 
• Synan, Vinson, The Holiness-Pentecostal Tradition. Charismatic Movements in the Twentieth Century, Grand Rapids/ Cambridge2 1997.
• Voigt, Karl Heinz, Freikirchen in Deutschland (19. und 20. Jahrhundert) (KGE III/6), Leipzig 2004. 

Reading List:
• Geldbach, Erich, Freikirchen – Erbe, Gestalt und Wirkung (BenshH 70), 2. völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage, Göttingen 2005. 
• Heimbucher, Kurt: Dem Auftrag verpflichtet – Die Gnadauer Gemeinschaftsbewegung, Gießen, 1988
• Holthaus, Stephan: Heil - Heilung - Heiigung, Gießen, 2005 
• Raedel, Christoph, Methodistische Theologie im 19. Jahrhundert. Der deutschsprachige Zweig der Bischöflichen Methodistenkirche, Göttingen 2004.
• Smith, Timothy L., Called Unto Holiness. Volume One. The Story of the Nazarenes—The Formative Years, Kansas City 1962.
• Sommer, Gottfried: Die “Belowianer” In Hinterpommern – Ihr Weg vom enthusiastischen Aufbruch zur Bildung einer Freikirche, Heverlee (Leuven), 2010
• Vetter, Ekkehart: Jahrhundertbilanz – erweckungsfasziniert und durststreckenerprobt, Bremen 2009.
• Voß, Klaus Peter: Ökumene und freikirchliches Profil. Beiträge zum zwischenkirchlichen Gespräch (FBTh 14), Berlin 2008. 
• Zimmerling, Peter, Die Charismatische Bewegung, Göttingen 2009. 
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THEO 580 - Trinity

Teacher Dr. T. Cross
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This Module seeks to enable the student to grasp one of the more difficult theological topics. It is related to courses in Pentecostal and contemporary theology and the history of doctrine.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 25%
Readings & Journal
30 15%
Readings & Preparation for Discussion Project
20 10%
Phase 2 40 25%
Participation
30 10%
Leading Discussions
10 15%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course offers a study of the doctrine of the Trinity. It examines the fundamental, Scriptural data for the doctrine, tracks the formulation and articulation of the doctrine in the history of the Church, and attends to appropriations of the doctrine in contemporary theology.
It will also offer the student an understanding of the indispensability of the doctrine of the Trinity with regard to Christian notions of salvation and community.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • Ascertain the biblical foundation for the Christian understanding of God as Triune.
  • Analyze the historical issues and controversies that gave rise to the articulation of the doctrine of the Trinity.
  • Critically engage the Trinitarian thought of various Church Fathers.
  • Compare and contrast the appropriation of the doctrine of the Trinity in contemporary theological reflection with the data of Scripture and historical articulations of the doctrine.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Identify and critically assess the biblical data that has grounded the doctrine of the Trinity.
  • Demonstrate an understanding of the major historical contexts and controversies that gave rise to the formal Christian conception of God as Triune.
  • Compare and contrast the thought of various historical figures who shaped the formal Christian conception of God as Triune.
  • Analyze the differences between Eastern and Western Trinitarian formulations, specifically regarding the filioque doctrine.
  • Discuss and critically evaluate various contemporary expressions of the doctrine of the Trinity.
Outline
  • Biblical Intimations of God as Triune
  • Historical Formulation of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part I): The Apologists and Clement of Alexandria
  • Historical Formulation of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part II): Origen to Athanasius
  • Historical Formulation of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part III): The Cappadocians
  • Historical Formulation of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part IV): Tertullian to Hilary
  • Historical Formulation of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part V): Aug to Filioque Controversy
  • Contemporary Appropriations of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part I): The 19th Century
  • Contemporary Appropriations of the Doctrine of the Trinity (Part II): Karl Barth, Jürgen Moltmann, and others in the 20th Century
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Reading List:
Augustine. De Trinitate. NPNF 1/3.
Badcock, Gary D. “The Anointing of Christ and the filioque Doctrine.” Irish Theological Quarterly 60/4 (1994) 241-58.
Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics I/1. Trans. by Geoffrey Bromiley. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1975 ed.
Boff, Leonardo. Trinity and Society. Trans. by Paul Burns. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988.
Coffey, David M. Deus Trinitas. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Davis, Stephen, Daniel Kendall, and Gerald O’Collins, eds. The Trinity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Fortman, Edmund J. The Triune God: A Historical Study of the Doctrine of the Trinity. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1982.
LaCugna, Catherine Mowry. God For Us: The Trinity and Christian Life. San Francisco, CA: HarperSan Francisco, 1991.
Hill, William. The Three-Personed God: The Trinity as a Mystery of Salvation. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1982.
Hunt, Anne. The Trinity and the Paschal Mystery—A Development in Recent Catholic Theology. Collegeville, MI: Liturgical Press, 1997.
Johnson, Elizabeth. She Who Is—The Mystery of God in Feminist Theological Discourse. New York: Crossroads, 1994.
Jüngel, Eberhard. The Doctrine of the Trinity—God’s Being is in Becoming. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press, 1976.
Marshall, Bruce D. Trinity and Truth. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
McDonnell, Kilian. The Other Hand of God: The Holy Spirit as the Universal Touch and Goal. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical Press, 2003.
Moltmann, Jürgen. The Crucified God: The Cross of Christ as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. Minneapolis, MI: Fortress, 1993.
_____________. The Trinity and the Kingdom: The Doctrine of God. Minneapolis, MI: Fortress, 1993.
Rahner, Karl. The Trinity. New York: The Crossroad Publishing Co., 1998.
Smail, Thomas A. The Forgotten Father. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1980.
Vanhoozer, Kevin J, ed. The Trinity in a Pluralistic Age: Theological Essays on Culture and Religion. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1997.
Volf, Miroslav. After Our Likeness: The Church as the Image of the Trinity. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998.
Vondey, Wolfgang. Heribert Mühlen: His Theology and Praxis: A New Profile of the Church. New York: University Press of America, 2004.
Zizioulas, John. Being as Communion: Studies in Personhood and the Church. Crestwood, New York: St. Vladimir’s Press, 1985.
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THEO 581 - Political Theology

Teacher Dr. L. Stephenson
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability The purpose of this course is to establish the two predominant views that are currently maintained with respect to the task of political theology and then to observe the way in which these two tasks shape contemporary political theologies.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 25%
Reading Reflections 50 25%
Phase 2 40 40%
Participation 30 15%
Presentation 10 25%
Phase 3 60 35%
Research Paper 60 35%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course intends an analysis and criticism of political arrangements from the perspective of differing interpretations of God’s ways with the world. This course will also explore the role of the church as a polis, which practices theological politics. Major themes and thinkers will include the following: liberation theology, feminist theology, black theology, Radical Orthodoxy, Jürgen Moltmann, Walter Brueggemann, William Cavanaugh, John Howard Yoder, Stanley Hauerwas, and Amos Yong.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • Examine and critically evaluate primary sources that exemplify each of the two tasks of political theology.
  • Compare and contrast the primary sources with the manner in which the secondary sources understand these texts as political theologies.
  • Discuss the development and articulation of political theology in its manifold streams of thought.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Describe and offer an evaluation of the issues surrounding the two tasks of political theology.
  • Articulate the differences in primary sources as it relates to political theology.
  • Critically evaluate secondary sources dealing with political theology.
  • Explain the development of various streams of political theology.

Outline
  • What is Political Theology?
  • German Political Theology
  • Liberation Theology: Latin American Theology
  • Liberation Theology: Black Theology
  • Liberation Theology: Feminist Theology
  • Walter Brueggemann
  • William Cavanaugh
  • John Howard Yoder
  • James Smith
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Textbooks:
Boff, Leonardo and Clodovis Boff. Introducing Liberation Theology. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1987.
Brueggemann, Walter. The Prophetic Imagination, 2nd Edition. Fortress Press, 2001.
Cone, James. God of the Oppressed. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1997.
Smith, Jamie K.A. Desiring the Kingdom: Worship, Worldview, and Cultural Formation. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2009.
Yoder, John Howard. Body Politics. Herald Press, 2001.

Reading List:
Ashley, James Matthew. Interruptions: Mysticism, Politics, and Theology in the Work of Johann Baptist Metz. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1998.
Balakrishnan, Gopal. The Enemy: An Intellectual Portrait of Carl Schmitt. London and New York: Verso, 2000.
Barr, James. The Scope and Authority of the Bible. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1980.
Bartholomew, Craig et al., ed. A Royal Priesthood? The Use of the Bible Ethically and Politically A Dialogue with Oliver O’Donovan. University of Gloucestershire: The British and ForeignBible Society, 2002.
Bell, Daniel M., Jr. Liberation Theology After the End of History: The Refusal to Cease Suffering. New York: Routledge, 2001.
Berman, Joshua A. How the Bible Broke with Ancient Political Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
Boff, Leonardo. Trinity and Society. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1988.
Cavanaugh, William T. Being Consumed. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2008.
Cavanaugh, William T. Theopolitical Imagination. New York: T & T Clark LTD, 2002.
Cavanaugh, William T. Torture and Eucharist. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 1998.
Cavanaugh, William T. and Peter Scott, eds. The Blackwell Companion to Political Theology. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.
Chopp, Rebecca. The Praxis of Suffering: An Interpretation of Liberation and Political Theologies. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1986.
Cone, James H. Black Theology & Black Power. New York: The Seabury Press, 1969.
Cone, James H. God of the Oppressed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1997.
Cone, James H. Liberation: A Black Theology of Liberation. New York: J.B. Lippincott Comanpy, 1970.
De Vries, Hent and Laurence E Sullivan, ed. Political Theologies: Public Religions in a Post-Secular World. New York: Fordham University Press, 2006.
Ellis, Marc H. and Otto Maduro, eds. The Future of Liberation Theology: Essasy in Honor of Gustavo Gutierrez. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1989.
Fiorenza, E.S. In Memory of Her: A Feminist Theological Reconstruction of Christian Origins. London: SCM, 1983.
Freire, P. The Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972
Gutierrez, Gustavo. A Theology of Liberation. Translated and edited by Sister Caridad Inda and John Eagleson. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1973.
Hauerwas, Stanley. A Better Hope: Resources for a Church Confonting Capitalism, Democracy, and Postmodernity. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2000.
Hauerwas, Stanley. After Christendom? How the Church is to Behave if Freedom, Justice, and a Christian Nation are Bad Ideas. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1991.
Hauerwas, Stanley. The Peaceable Kingdom: A Primer in Christian Ethics. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1983.
Hemming, Laurence Paul, ed. Radical Orthodoxy? – A Catholic Enquiry. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing LTD, 2000.
Hennelly, Alfred T., S.J. Liberation Theologies: The Global Pursuit of Justice. Mystic: Twenty-Third Publications, 1997.
Horsley, Richard A., ed. Paul and Empire: Religion and Power in Roman Imperial Society. Harrisburg: Trinity Press International, 1997.
Jones, William R. Is God a White Racist? A Preamble to Black Theology. Garden City: Anchor Press/Doubleday & Company, Inc, 1973.
Kirwan, Michael. Political Theology: An Introduction. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2009.
McFague, Sallie. The Body of God: An Ecological Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Metz, Johann Baptist. A Passion for God: The Mystical-Political Dimension of Christianity. Translated by J. Matthew Ashley. New York: Paulist Press, 1998.
Metz, Johann-Baptist, Jürgen Moltmann and Francis Schüssler Fiorenza. Faith and the Future: Essays on Theology, Solidarity, and Modernity. Maryknoll: Orbis Books, 1995.
Milbank, John, Catherine Pickstock and Graham Ward, eds. Radical Orthodoxy. New York: Routledge, 1999.
Milbank, John. Theology & Social Theory: Beyond Secular Reason. 2nd edition. Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.
Moltmann, Jürgen. The Crucified God. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Moltmann, Jürgen. Theology of Hope. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Moltmann, Jürgen. The Trinity and the Kingdom. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1981.
O’Donovan, Oliver and Joan Lockwood O’Donovan, eds. From Irenaeus to Grotius: A Sourcebook in Christian Political Thought 100-1625. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1999.
O’Donovan, Oliver. The Desire of the Nations: Rediscovering the Roots of Political Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
Petrella, Ivan. The Future of Liberation Theology: An Argument and Manifesto. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing LTD, 2004.
Rahner, Hugo, S.J. Church and State in Early Christianity. Translated by Leo Donald Davis, S.J. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1961.
Rasmusson, Arne. The Church as Polis: From Political Theology to Theological Politics as Exemplified by Jürgen Moltmann and Stanley Hauerwas. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1995.
Rowland, Christopher, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Liberation Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Ruether, Rosemary R. Sexism and God-talk. London: SCM, 1983.
Schwab, George. The Challenge of the Exception: An Introduction to the Political Ideas of Carl Schmitt from 1921 to 1936. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1989.
Smith, James K. Introducing Radical Orthodoxy: Mapping a Post-secular Theology. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2004.
Sobrino, John. The True Church and the Poor. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1984.
Soelle, Dorothee. Suffering. Translated by Everett R. Kalin. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1975.
Sölle, Dorothee. Thinking About God: An Introduction to Theology. Translated by John Bowden. Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1990.
Sölle, Dorothee. The Window of Vulnerability: A Political Spirituality. Translated by Linda M. Maloney. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1990.
Tanner, K. The Politics of God: Christian Theologies and Social Justice. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992.
Vanhoozer, Kevin J., ed. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Volf, Miroslav. Exclusion and Embrace: A Theological Exploration of Identity, Otherness, and Reconciliation. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1996.
Wannenwetsch, Bernd. Political Worship: Ethics For Christian Citizens. Translated by Margaret Kohl. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Ward, Graham, ed. The Postmodern God: A Theological Reader. Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 1997.
Ward, Graham, ed. The Blackwell Companion to Postmodern Theology. Malden: Blackwell Publishers, 2001.
Ward, Graham. Cities of God. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Yoder, John Howard. Body Politics: Five Practices of the Christian Community before the Watching World. Nashville: Discipleship Resources, 1992.
Yoder, John Howard. The Christian Witness to the State. Scottdale: Herald Press, 1964.
Yoder, John Howard. The Politics of Jesus: Vicit Agnus Noster. 2nd ed. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1972.
Yoder, John Howard. The Royal Priesthood: Essays, Ecclesiological and Ecumenical. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1994.

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THEO 594 - Luther Reception into Pentecostalism

Teacher Dr. D. Courey
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability The Module seeks to make the Pentecostal scholar aware of Luther‘s contribution to Pentecostal theology. It provides a fresh approach, it is useful for an understanding of German Pentecostalism, Pentecostal, and contemporary theology.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 20%
Readings & Preparation
50 20%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation
30 10%
Presentations
10 20%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module The course seeks to examine the roots and development of triumphalism within the Pentecostal churches. Martin Luther and his theology will be studied in detail to assess if triumphalism had its roots at the beginning of the Reformation. His Theology of the cross will inform a redefinition of Pentecostal theology and challenge the whole aspect of triumphalism.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives

  • To see Pentecostalism in the context of historic Christianity and Reformation Christianity
  • To see Pentecostalism in the context of American Evangelicalism.
  • To analyze the problem of triumphalism in Pentecostalism.
  • To contemplate means of reconfiguring Pentecostalism for the twenty-first century.

B. Specific Learning Objectives
On successful completion of the module, students will be able to:

  • Appreciate the tension inherent in Pentecostal pneumatology.
  • Contemplate the work of the Spirit in various dimensions of the Christian experience.
  • Coordinate Pentecostal emphases with other movements in history, particularly with Luther and the Reformation.
  • Reformulate a Pentecostalism informed by suffering.
  • Use the gifts of the Spirit from a richer theological matrix.
  • Cultivate an awareness of and yearning for the Spirit’s presence
Outline 1. The Roots of Pentecostal Triumphalism
     a. What is Triumphalism?
     b. Triumphalism in American Religious History
     c. Another Look at the Pentecostal Story
     d. The Tectonic Plates
     e. A Re-reading of the History of Evangelicalism
2. Luther as Proto-Pentecostal
     a. Luther and the Supernatural
     b. Luther and the Priesthood of All Believers
     c. Luther and the Apocalypse
     d. Luther and Experience
          i. The Enthusiasts
          ii. The Ultimate and the Penultimate
3. Luther’s Theology of the Cross
     a. Understanding the Theology of the Cross
     b. The Cross and Personal Sin
     c. The Cross and Institutional Glory
     d. The Mechanics of the Cross
4. Redefining Pentecostalism
     a. The Janus-Like Nature of the Baptism in the Spirit
     b. Pneumatologia crucis
     c. Eschatologia Crucis
5. Testing a Cruciform Pentecostalism
     a. Replacing Restorationism: Experience
     b. Replacing Perfectionism: Sanctification
     c. The Pentecostal Nexus: The Miraculous
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Courey, D. What Has Wittenberg to Do with Azusa? Luther‘s Theology of the Cross and Pentecostal Triumphalism. London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015.
Althaus, Paul.The Theology of Martin Luther. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1966.
Lohse, Bernhard. Martin Luther’s Theology: Its Historical and Systematic Development. Reprint edition. Minneapolis, Mich.: Fortress Press, 2011.

Reading List:
Bayer, Oswald. Martin Luther’s Theology: A Contemporary Interpretation. Translated by Thomas H. Trapp. Grand Rapids, Mich: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2008.
Braaten, Carl E., and Robert W. Jenson, eds. Union with Christ: The New Finnish Interpretation of Luther. Grand Rapids, Mich: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1998.
Brecht, Martin. Martin Luther The Preservation of the Church 1532-1546. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1999.
Deutschlander, Daniel M. The Theology of the Cross: Reflections on His Cross and Ours. Edited by Curtis A. Jahn. Milwaukee, WI: Northwestern Publishing House, 2008.
Forde, Mr Gerhard O. On Being a Theologian of the Cross: Reflections on Luther’s Heidelberg Disputation, 1518. Grand Rapids, Mich: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1997.
Hall, Douglas John. The Cross in Our Context: Jesus and the Suffering World. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2003.
Hoffman, Bengt R. Theology of the Heart: The Role of Mysticism in the Theology of Martin Luther. Translated by Pearl Willemssen Hoffman. Minneapolis, Minn: Kirk House Pub, 2003.
Kolb, Robert, and Charles P. Arand. The Genius of Luther’s Theology: A Wittenberg Way of Thinking for the Contemporary Church. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2008.
Loewenich, Walther von. Luther’s Theology of the Cross. 1st edition. Minneapolis: Augsburg Pub. House, 1976.
Marty, Martin E. Martin Luther: A Life. Reprint edition. New York: Penguin Books, 2008.
McGrath, Alister E. Luther’s Theology of the Cross: Martin Luther’s Theological Breakthrough. 1 edition. Oxford, UK; New York, NY, USA: Wiley-Blackwell, 1991.
Moltmann, Jurgen. The Crucified God: The Cross of Christ as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. Translated by Eileen Walliser- Schwarzbart. New Haven, CT.; London: Yale University Press, 2006.
Root, Andrew. Christopraxis: A Practical Theology of the Cross. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2014.
Veith, Gene Edward. Spirituality of the Cross Revised Edition. 2 edition. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing, 2010.

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THEO 594 - Pastoral Theology in the 21st Century

Teacher Dr. C. Simpson
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability In Europe and North America a different set of challenges are facing pastors and denominations.  In many lands, church attendance is declining and Sunday has become a day for leisure activities. This course seeks to explore various responses to these challenges e.g. new forms of church, postmodern ethics and morality and biblical illiteracy.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 25%
Reading - Two Texts and Question & Answer Log 50 25%
Phase 2 40 25%
Participation and interaction with invited guests
40 25%
Phase 3 60 50%
Research Paper
60 50%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will consider the specific challenges facing the Church in the 21st Century, particularly in Western Europe and the USA. In particular the serious decline in attendance and membership of many denominations. The cultural and sociological changes which may have produced this and how the churches have been responding, sometimes in some unusual ways e.g. the emerging churches or ‘Fresh Expressions’.  Further challenges have arisen in the areas of ethics and morality, biblical illiteracy and departures from orthodox beliefs.  In each case pastors are on the front line and are having to respond to new situations without the necessary support of an appropriate pastoral theology.
Learning Objectives

A. General
This course seeks to:

  • assess the overall impact of a reduction in church attendance
  • describe the theological trends that are emerging from an increasingly unchurched populace
  • investigate the social and cultural reasons for a decline in church going
  • demonstrate the variety of responses to the current situation
  • suggest future implications for ethics and morality in Pastoral Theology
  • compare and contrast various proposed methods of reversing the decline in church attendance
  • analyze the cause of biblical illiteracy and consequent unorthodox doctrines

B. Specific
As a result of the study and activities of this course, the student should be able to:

  • explain how the decline in church attendance and the causes of this affect Pastoral Theology, its thinking and practice
  • identify the sociological and cultural changes which have impacted traditional church patterns
  • compare and contrast various models of emerging churches and "Fresh Expressions"
  • analyze potential challenges for future change in the Pentecostal and Charismatic churches
  • appraise the influence of IT on current church going
  • provide a theological reflection on the role of the Pastor in an changing world
  • write an article suitable for publication in a Pentecostal or Charismatic magazine, which highlights the challenges of church going in the 21st century and what other denominations are doing about this
Outline
  • The Challenge of Postmodernism on Pastoral Theology
  • The decline of church attendance in Western Europe and the USA
  • A Post-Christian reality?
  • Emerging churches
  • Fresh expressions
  • Missional church
  • New monasticism
  • Biblical illiteracy
  • Orthodox, unorthodox doctrines and heresy
  • Pastoral ethics and morality
  • Communication - use of IT and computer technology
  • Commitment - a 21st Century problem
  • Future trends
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature Reading List:

Anglican- Methodist Working Party. Fresh Expression in the Mission of the Church,

                London, UK: Church House Publishing, 2012.

Bowen, John. What is a fresh expression of Church? A Beginner’s Guide to a

                Movement that is Changing the Church. Toronto, CN: Wycliffe College, 2015.

Church of England Working Party, Mission Shaped Church – Church planting and Fresh

Expressions of Church in a Changing Context,. London, UK: Church House Publishing, 2004.

Cross, Terry. A People for God’s Presence – An Introduction to Ecclesiology. Grand

                Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2019.

Francis, L.J., J. Clymo and M. Robbins. ‘Fresh Expressions: Reaching Those

                Psychological types Conventional Forms of Church Find it Hard to Reach’.

                Practical Theology. Vol.7, No. 4,.pp. 252-267, 2014.

Goodhew, David, Andrew Roberts, Michael Volland.  Fresh – An Introduction to Fresh

                Expressions of Church and Pioneer Ministry. London, UK: SCM, 2012.

Lewis, Brad and Carl Simmons eds. Pastoral Ministry in the 21st Century – the

                Encyclopedia of Practical Ideas. Loveland, CO: Group, 2006.

Malphurs, Aubrey. A New Kind of Church - Understanding Models of Ministry for the 21st

                Century. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2007.

Mobsby, Ian J. Emerging and Fresh Expressions of Church – How are they

                Authentically Church and Anglican? London, UK: Moot Community Publishing,

                2007

Moynagh, Michael. Being Church, Doing Life. Oxford, UK and Grand Rapids, MI:                                  

                Monarch 2014.

­­­­________. Church for Every Context – An Introduction to Theology and

                Practice. London, UK: SCM, 2012.

­­­­­________. Fresh Expressions of Church. Gießen, DE: Brunnen Verlag, 2016

Müller, Sabrina. Fresh Expressions of Church. Zurich, CH: Theologischer Verlag, 2016.

Nell, Ian A. and Rudolf Grobler. ‘An Exploration of Fresh Expressions as Missional

Church: Some Practical theological Perspectives.’ Stellenbosch Theological Journal.,Volume 55, Numbers 3-4, 1 September 2014, pp. 747-762(22).

Nelstrop, Louise and Martyn Percy eds. Evaluating Fresh Expressions: Explorations in

                Emerging Church. Norwich, UK: Canterbury Press, 2008.

Percy, Martyn. ‘”Fresh Expressions – A Journey into Implicit Theology”’. Implicit

                Religion. Vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 313-332, November 2009.

Village, Andrew. ‘Who Goes There? Attendance at Fresh Expressions of Church in

Relation to Psychological Type Preferences among Readers of the Church Times’. Practical Theology, 2015.

Walker, John. Testing Fresh Expressions - Identity and Transformation. Abingdon, UK:

                Routledge, 2016.

 

X EXTENDED SUBJECT SPECIFIC BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://directionjournal.org/39/1/emerging-church-select-bibliography.html

 

EMERGENT / EMERGING CHURCHES

Anderson, Ray S. An Emergent Theology for Emerging Churches. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2006.

Bell, Rob. Velvet Elvis: Repainting the Christian Faith. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005.

Bell, Rob, and Don Golden. Jesus Wants to Save Christians: A Manifesto for the Church in Exile. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008.

Gibbs, Eddie and Ryan K. Bolger. Emerging Churches: Creating Christian Community in Postmodern Cultures. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2005.

Jones, Tony. The New Christians: Dispatches from the Emergent Frontier. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2008.

———. The Sacred Way: Spiritual Practices for Everyday Life. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005.

———. The Teaching of the Twelve: Believing and Practicing the Primitive Christianity of the Ancient Didache Community. Brewster, MA: Paraclete, 2009.

Keel, Tim. Intuitive Leadership: Embracing a Paradigm of Narrative, Metaphor, and Chaos. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2007.

Kimball, Dan. The Emerging Church: Vintage Christianity for New Generations. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2003.

———. Emerging Worship: Creating Worship Gatherings for New Generations. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2004.

———. They Like Jesus but Not the Church: Insights from Emerging Generations. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007.

McLaren, Brian. Everything Must Change: Jesus, Global Crises, and a Revolution of Hope. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2007.

———. Finding Our Way Again: The Return of the Ancient Practices. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2008.

———. A Generous Orthodoxy: Why I am a Missional, Evangelical, Post/Protestant, Liberal/Conservative, Mystical/Poetic, Biblical, Charismatic/Contemplative, Fundamentalist/Calvinist, Anabaptist/Anglican, Methodist, Catholic, Green, Incarnational, Depressed-yet-hopeful, Emergent, Unfinished Christian. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2004.

———. The Last Word and the Word After That: A Tale of Faith, Doubt, and a New Kind of Christianity. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2005.

———. More Ready Than You Realize: Evangelism as Dance in the Postmodern Matrix. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Zondervan, 2002.

———. A New Kind of Christian: A Tale of Two Friends on a Spiritual Journey. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2001.

———. A New Kind of Christianity: Ten Questions That Are Transforming the Faith. New York: HarperOne, 2010.

———. The Secret Message of Jesus: Uncovering the Truth that Could Change Everything. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2006.

———. The Story We Find Ourselves In: Further Adventures of a New Kind of Christian. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2003.

Tickle, Phyllis. The Great Emergence: How Christianity is Changing and Why. Grand

                Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2008.

 

MISSIONAL CHURCH

Gibbs, Eddie. ChurchMorph: How Megatrends are Reshaping Christian Communities. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2009.

Hirsch, Alan. The Forgotten Ways: Reactivating the Missional Church. Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos, 2006.

Guder, Darrell, ed. Missional Church: A Vision for the Sending of the Church in North America. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1998.

Minatrea, Milfred. Shaped By God’s Heart: The Passion and Practices of Missional Churches. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2004.

McNeal, Reggie. Missional Renaissance: Changing the Scorecard for the Church. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2009.

Roxburgh, Alan and M. Scott Boren. Introducing the Missional Church: What It Is, Why It Matters, How to Become One. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2009.

Stetzer, Ed. Planting Missional Churches. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 2006.

Van Gelder, Craig. The Ministry of the Missional Church. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Books, 2007.

Van Gelder, Craig, ed. The Missional Church and Denominations: Helping Congregations Develop a Missional Identity. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008.

 

NEW MONASTICISM

Claiborne, Shane. The Irresistible Revolution: Living as an Ordinary Radical. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2006.

Claiborne, Shane and Chris Haw. Jesus for President: Politics for Ordinary Radicals. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2008.

Stock, Jon, Tim Otto, and Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove. Inhabiting the Church: Biblical Wisdom for a New Monasticism. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2006.

Wilson-Hartgrove, Jonathan. Living Faithfully in a Fragmented World: From ‘After Virtue’ to a New Monasticism. 2nd ed. Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2010.

 

CRITICAL ASSESSMENTS

Belcher, Jim. Deep Church: A Third Way Beyond Emerging and Traditional. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2009.

Carson, D.A. Becoming Conversant with the Emerging Church. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2005.

Colson, Charles W. and Anne Morse. “Emerging Confusion: Jesus is the Truth Whether We Experience Him or Not.” Christianity Today 50 (June 1, 2006): 72.

Craigen, Trevor P. “Emergent Soteriology: The Dark Side.” Master’s Seminary Journal 17, no. 2 (2006): 177–90.

DeYoung, Kevin and Ted Kluck. Why We’re not Emergent: By Two Guys Who Should Be. Chicago: Moody, 2008.

Dorn, Christopher. “The Emergent Church and Worship.” Reformed Review (Online) 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2008).

Driscoll, Mark. “A Pastoral Perspective on the Emergent Church.” Criswell Theological Review 3 (March 1, 2006): 87–93.

Freswick, Casey. Postmodern Liberalism: Repainting a Non-Christian Faith; a Christian Critique of Rob Bell’s Velvet Elvis and the Emergent Church Movement. Grandville, MI: Reformed Fellowship, 2006.

Henard, William D. and Adam W. Greenway, eds. Evangelicals Engaging Emergent: A Discussion of the Emergent Church Movement. Nashville: B&H Academic, 2009.

Johnson, Gary and Ronald Gleason, eds. Reforming or Conforming? Post-Conservative Evangelicals and the Emerging Church. Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 2007.

Keuss, Jeffrey F. “The Emergent Church and Neo-Correlational Theology after Tillich, Schleiermacher and Browning.” Scottish Journal of Theology 61 (January 1, 2008): 450–61.

Mayhue, Richard L. “The Emerging Church: Generous Orthodoxy or General Obfuscation?” Master’s Seminary Journal 17 (September 1, 2006): 191–205.

McLaughlin, Brian. “The Ecclesiology of the Emerging Church Movement.” Reformed Review (Online) 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2008).

Miles, Todd L. “A Kingdom Without a King? Evaluating the Kingdom Ethic(s) of the Emerging Church.” Southern Baptist Journal of Theology 12 (March 1, 2008): 88–103.

Mills, David M. “Mountain or Molehill? The Question of Truth and the Emerging Church.” Criswell Theological Review 3 (March 1, 2006): 51–66.

Penner, Myron B., ed. Christianity and the Postmodern Turn: Six Views. Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos, 2005.

Smith, James K. A. Who’s Afraid of Postmodernism? Taking Derrida, Lyotard, and Foucault to Church. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2006.

Smith, R. Scott. Truth and the New Kind of Christian: The Emerging Effects of Postmodernism in the Church. Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2005.

Webber, Robert, ed. Listening to the Beliefs of Emerging Churches: Five Perspectives. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007.

Wittmer, Michael Eugene. “Don’t Stop Believing: A Theological Critique of the Emergent Church.” Reformed

Review (Online) 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2008).


ONLINE

http://www.brianmclaren.net — Brian McLaren’s website.

http://www.emergentvillage.com — “Emergent Village is a growing, generative friendship among missional Christians seeking to love our world in the Spirit of Jesus Christ.”

http://www.emergingchurch.info — “A constantly evolving collection of recommended stories and reflections.”

http://www.theooze.com — “A website dedicated to the emerging Church culture.”

http://www.thesimpleway.org — Website for a new monastic community founded by Shane Claiborne and Brooke Sexton.

 

https://www.lausanne.org/content/lga/2019-09/restoring-missional-vision-theological-education?gclid=Cj0KCQiA7qP9BRCLARIsABDaZzgASjaXeezbGNMW81SeVJm_A9Qr9rxThBDTIiiQJS0VAtvZHXohQ1UaApx6EALw_wcB  - Ashish Chrispal ‘Restoring Missional Vision in Theological Education’

 

https://www.psephizo.com/life-ministry/what-are-the-church-attendance-statistics-telling-us/  - Blog by Ian Paul, Adjunct Prof at Fuller Theological Seminary, Assoc Minister at St.Nic’s Nottingham.

 

https://faithsurvey.co.uk/uk-christianity.html

 Useful comparison of church growth and decline.

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4275107/

When people shed religious identity in Ireland and Austria: Evidence from Censuses.

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THEO 594 - Theology Seminar Luther

Teacher Dr. T. Cross
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability For Theology students in Germany, an understanding of Luther‘s Theology is essential. The application of this knowledge to present and future ministry opportunities is invaluable and informs the module on German Pentecostalism and the Lutheran Reception into Pentecostal-Charismatic Theology.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 50 30%
Readings
30 10%
Responses to Questions
10 10%
Reading & Reflection paper
10 10%
Phase 2 40 30%
Participation
30 10%
Presentations
10 20%
Phase 3 60 40%
Research Paper
60 40%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will focus on the writings of Martin Luther, placing his thought within the broader historical and cultural context of late medieval Catholicism and the Renaissance. Luther’s early theological writings and the Reformation that they helped to spawn will be examined along with his later theological writings.
Given the importance of Luther’s legacy on Protestantism, it is important for graduate students to have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the various aspects of his thought.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives This course seeks to:

  • Introduce students to the study of the Reformation period in general and the study of Martin Luther in particular.
  • Offer an overview of the life and theology of Martin Luther.
  • Interpret the various genres of theological writing from Martin Luther by reading, analyzing, and contrasting them with other writers from the time period (both Catholic and Protestant).
  • Describe the historical background to Luther’s Reformation ‘discovery.’
  • Examine the way that theological opposition and debate toward Luther’s ideas helped to shape the way Luther’s own theology developed.
  • Offer an overview of the intellectual and spiritual climate of the late medieval period and the influence it held on Luther’s thought.
  • Evaluate the legacy of Luther’s theology on Protestantism and Lutheranism.
  • Compare and contrast the theology of Luther with that of other Reformers.
  • Develop a model (interpretive ‘grid’) for reading Luther’s writings.
  • Demonstrate the importance of various aspects of Luther’s doctrine on the church today.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Demonstrate an understanding of the late medieval background of Luther’s Reformation discovery and the development of his theology.
  • Outline an overview of Luther’s life and theology (for this letter, particularly from a timeline of his writings).
  • Construct an interpretive model for reading Luther’s theological writings.
  • Identify the ways that theological opposition to Luther’s thought shaped Luther’s own theology.
  • Evaluate the legacy of Luther’s theology.
  • Compare and contrast Luther’s theology with that of other Reformers.
  • Assess the value of Luther’s thoughts for the church today.
Outline
  • Forerunners to the Protestant Reformation and Luther
  • Luther’s Early Story
  • Luther Stumbles into Reform with the Church of Rome
  • Luther Leads Reform for his People
  • Luther’s Theological Legacy
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Luther, Martin. Martin Luther: Selections from His Writings. Edited and translated by John Dillenberger. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books/Doubleday & Company, 1961.
Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. Translated by Eileen Walliser-Schwarzbart (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989.

Recommended Texts:
Althaus, Paul. The Theology of Martin Luther. Translated by Robert C. Schultz. Philadelphia, PA: Fortress Press, 1966.
Lohse, Bernhard. Martin Luther’s Theology: Its Historical and Systematic Development. Translated by Roy A. Harrisville. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2011.

Reading List:
Cameron, Euan. The European Reformation. Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1991.
Domröse, Sonja. Frauen der Reformationszeit. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2010.
Hillerbrand, Hans J. The Protestant Reformation. Revised edition. Perennial Publishers, 2009.
Luther, Martin. The Bondage of the Will. Translated by James I. Packer and O. R. Johnston. Grand Rapids, MI: Fleming H. Revell/Baker Books, 1957.
____________. Luther: Lectures on Romans. Translated and edited by Wilhelm Pauck. in The Library of Christian Classics. Edited by John Baillie, John T. McNeill, and Henry P. Van Dusen. Philadelphia, PA: The Westminster Press, 1961.
Mannermaa, Tuomo. Christ Present in Faith: Luther’s View of Justification. Edited by Kirsi Stjerna. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2005.
McGrath, Alister E. Reformation Thought: An Introduction. Second edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1993.
_______________. The Intellectual Origins of the European Reformation. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1987.
Oberman, Heiko A. The Dawn of the Reformation: Essays in Late Medieval and Early Reformation Thought. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1992.
_______________. The Reformation: Roots and Ramifications. Translated by Andrew C. Gow. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1994.
_______________. The Impact of the Reformation. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1994.
Ozment, Steven. The Age of Reform, 1250-1550: An Intellectual and Religious History of Late Medieval and Reformation Europe. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1981.
The Table Talk of Martin Luther. Edited by Thomas S. Kepler. Translated by William Hazlitt. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2005.
Watson, Philip S. Let God be God: An Interpretation of the Theology of Martin Luther. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock Publishers, 2000 (reprint).

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THEO 598 - Thesis

Teacher Dr. D. Augustine
Semester Spring Duration 36 Weeks
Frequency Every year
Credits 20 ECTS Workload 600 Hours
Module format Directed Study
Applicability
This Module is required and is the culmination of Master studies; this will enable the student to incorporate material learned in all previous modules. It also provides the possibility of further study at the doctoral level.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 560 Hours
Participation requirement In consultation with the Director of the program, the student must select a primary reader for the thesis from the faculty of the program BEFORE s/he enrolls in the thesis writing course.
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 250 30%
Participation on Moodle
60 10%
Preparatory Reading
100 10%
Proposal
45 5%
Bibliography
45 5%
Phase 2 300 45%
Development of the thesis
150 25%
1st Rough Draft
120 15%
Corrections
30 5%
Phase 3 50 25%
Final Submission
50 25%
Total 600 100%
Content of the Module This course is designed for students to conclude their graduate program in theological studies by writing a thesis that provides evidence of the ability to do independent research and compile it in the form required by the faculty of graduate studies in Pentecostal-Charismatic Theology.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives
This course seeks to:

  • To foster the continued development of research and writing skills in the area of biblical and theological studies.
  • To contribute to the body of biblical and theological knowledge and literature.
  • To assist the student in developing a personal hermeneutical and exegetical position to be used in acquiring a comprehensive understanding of Old and New Testament content.
  • To develop an understanding of the philosophical foundations for theological reflection.
  • To prepare the student for the teaching enterprise, whether in the educational ministry of the church or in the context of the academy at large.
  • To prepare the student to engage in more advanced degrees, including doctoral studies.
  • To integrate faith and learning in such a way as to develop the individual in mind and spirit in order to enhance the students own spiritual development and also that of the body of Christ.

B. Specific Behavioral Objectives
As a result of the activities and study in this course, the student should be able to:

  • Analyze biblical and theological writings at a level commensurate with other graduate students in religion programs.
  • Produce written work that portrays a knowledge of primary and secondary literature in the discipline.
  • Compare and contrast the various hermeneutical options for biblical exegesis.
  • Demonstrate an understanding of the philosophical foundations for biblical and theological reflection.
  • Provide evidence of analytical and critical skills which are prerequisites to further graduate studies in the bible or theology.
  • Demonstrate a rudimentary capacity for a specified language for biblical or theological research where required (primarily Greek, Hebrew, or German).
  • Integrate Pentecostal faith and experience with doctrinal reflection.
  • Articulate the thought of contemporary theologians.
Outline
  • January: In conversation with the chosen reader, the student will prepare a formal thesis proposal to be submitted to the MABTS Committee for its consideration. This proposal must contain:
        I. a succinct thesis statement;
        II. a precise statement of the problem the thesis will tackle;
        III. an outline detailing the structure of the thesis argumentation;
    After the faculty reader has agreed to the proposal, s/he will present the formal thesis proposal to the MABTS Committee, who will approve the proposal as is or approve with the required emendation. Once the proposal has been approved by the MAPCT committee the student must enroll in the thesis writing course.
  • February: An outline bibliography that must have a minimum of 35 pertinent primary and secondary sources for a biblical/theological thesis.
  • March: The student will write his/her thesis under the direction of the faculty reader, and will submit a completed chapter directly to that reader, who will evaluate it and return it with suggestions and corrections.
  • April: The thesis rough draft should be submitted and the reader will outline corrections and make suggestions for improvement.
  • May: A final version of your complete thesis must be submitted to the tutor by May 31st. After the thesis has been passed by the tutor a faculty reader will also grade it.
  • June: By June 30th the student will complete any remaining edits/corrections and submit two bound copies to ETS, with an electronic copy sent to Lee.
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbook:
Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, sixth ed. Revised by John Grossman and Alice Bennett. London: The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., 1996.

Reading List:
Oliver, Paul. Writing your Thesis, 3rd Ed. Newcastle upon Tyne: Sage, 2013.
Paltridge, Brian, Sue Starfield. Thesis and Dissertation Writing in a Second Language: A Handbook for Supervisors, London: Routledge, 2007.
Single, Peg Boyle. Demystifying Dissertation Writing: A Streamlined Process from Choice of Topic to Final Text. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing, LLC, 2011.

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THEO 594 - Epistemology for Pentecostals

Teacher Dr. G. Sommer
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability A strong grasp of epistemology is a useful foundation for many in-demand skills, including critical thinking, creativity, reflection on professional practice, problem-solving and discerning strengths and weaknesses.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 60 40%
Reading and Journal
40 20%
Preparation of Presentation and Handout 20 20%
Phase 2 40 20%
Active participation 40 20%
Phase 3 50 40%
Research Paper 50 40%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module Can we know God? If so, how? We can believe in God, but is such belief justified? How to apply the principles of epistemology to knowledge of God and belief in God? What would make belief in God justified true belief? Discover the theory of knowledge and the nature of the mind’s connection to the world. One of the oldest sub-disciplines of the western philosophical tradition, epistemology asks the big, basic questions: what is it to know reality? What is truth or fact? How is meaning generated? We will also question if there is a “Pentecostal proprium” for theological epistemology which could enrich at least Protestantism.
Learning Objectives

This course seeks to

  • give a presentation of the importance of epistemology for theology as such
  • clarify terms and definitions
  • analyze preconditions of theological knowledge
  • consider the impact of selected people, who are important for the development of an useful epistemology
  • provide a detailed study of epistemology in church practice
  • reflect the possible contribution the Pentecostal movement could give for a sufficient epistemology for doing biblical theology
  • discuss conspiration theories and the importance of a biblical orthodox epistemology
Outline

PART I PROLEGOMENA OF THEOLOGY

  • Does Theology need prolegomena?
  • The task of philosophy
  • The internal prolegomena of theology
  • The external prolegomena of theology

PART II EPISTEMIC CONCEPTS WITHIN THEOLOGY

  • Knowledge of God
  • Revelation and Scripture
  • Reason and Faith
  • The Experiential Grounding of Religious Belief
  • Saints and Saintliness
  • Authority in Religious Communities
  • The Inner Witness of the Spirit
  • Tradition
  • Ecclesial Practices
  • Spiritual Formation, Authority, and Discernment
  • The epistemology of Jesus

PART III GENERAL EPISTEMIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO THEOLOGY

  • Understanding and its history
  • Wisdom in Theology
  • The Epistemology of Testimony and Religious Belief
  • Virtue
  • Evidence and Theology
  • Foundationalism
  • Realism and Anti-realism
  • Scepticism
  • Disagreement and the Epistemology of Theology

PART IV SAMPLINGS FROM THE CHRISTIAN TRADITION

  • Paul the Apostle
  • Origen of Alexandria
  • Augustine
  • Anselm
  • Thomas Aquinas
  • John Duns Scotus
  • Martin Luther
  • Jonathan Edwards
  • John Wesley

PART V THE PENTECOSTAL PROPRIUM

  • Pentecostalism as a lay movement
  • The epistemic challenges of the 20 and 21 century
  • Is there a danger of epistemic heterodoxy within Pentecostalism?
  • The opportunities of an epistemic Pentecostal approach
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:
Abraham, William J. and Aquino, Frederick D., Ed.., The Oxford Handbook of the Epistemology of Theology, First Edition. (Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2017), iii.Cone, Christopher Prolegomena: Introductory Notes on Bible Study & Theological Method (Ft. Worth, TX: Tyndale Seminary Press, 2009), 27 

Frame, John M. The doctrine of the knowledge of God, A theology of lordship (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R Publishing, 1987), 8–9.

Kennard, Douglas W., Epistemology and logic in the new testament: early jewish context and biblical theology mechanisms that fit within some contemporary ways of knowing (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock, 2016). Moreland, J. P.  and Craig, William Lane: Philosophical Foundations for a Christian Worldview, 2nd Edition. (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2017), 61.

Roach, William C., Hermeneutics as epistemology: a critical assessment of carl f. h. henry’s epistemological approach to hermeneutics (Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock, 2015)

Selby, Rosalind M.  Comical Doctrine: An Epistemology of New Testament Hermeneutics (Milton Keynes: Paternoster, 2006)

Shin, Yoon und Simmons, JoAnne: Pentecostalism, postmodernism, and reformed epistemology: james k. a. smith and the contours of a postmodern christian epistemology (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2022).

 Smith, James K. A.  Thinking in Tongues: Pentecostal Contributions to Christian Philosophy, ed. James K. A. Smith und Amos Yong, Pentecostal Manifestos (Grand Rapids, MI; Cambridge, U.K.: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2010), iii.

Van Til, Cornelius A Survey of Christian Epistemology (The Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company: Phillipsburg, NJ, 1969),

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THEO 594 - Pentecostal Theology of Missions

Teacher Dr. B. Waltrip
Semester Fall Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability This course is intended to help the graduate student develop a personal theology of 
missions from a Pentecostal perspective.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 TBA 40%
Critiques of required reading
TBA 40%
Phase 2 40 20%
Participation
40 20%
Phase 3 TBA 40%
Research Paper
TBA 40%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course will consider a theology of missions from a Pentecostal/Charismatic perspective.
The course will specifically explore the missional understanding of the Trinitarian God and 
His Church. The role of the Holy Spirit in mission is a major feature of Pentecostal theology 
of mission. Therefore, the course will specifically address such topics as the role 
glossolalia/xenolalia, signs and wonders (power evangelism), spiritual gifts, and prophetic 
evangelism. Because Early Pentecostals had an eschatological urgency, the course will seek 
to develop a contemporary theology on the topic. Since mission happens in context, a 
theological understanding of culture from a Pentecostal perspective will also be explored. 
Finally, the course will consider a Pentecostal theology of missions and revival, which has 
missiological and eschatological implications.
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives

  • This course seeks to:
  • construct a theological understanding of the missional nature of God, 
    including a Pentecostal perspective of the Missio Dei
  • construct a theological understanding of the missional nature of the Church 
    and Her apostolic role in the world
  • identify the contours of the Holy Spirit’s role in the Missio Dei from a 
    Pentecostal perspective
  • analyze theologically how Pentecostal/Charismatic eschatology relates to 
    the Missio Dei
  • establish a Pentecostal/Charismatic theology of harvest and culture that 
    considers the Church’s missional role in context
  • analyze the theological connection between mission and revival
  • identify our place in history and the eschatological significance for revival 
    and mission


B. Specific Learning Objectives

As a result of the activities and study in this course, students should be able to:

  • define and defend theologically the missional nature of God and His 
    Church from a Pentecostal/Charismatic perspective
  • defend the Missio Dei from Biblical perspectives from the Old and New 
    Testaments
  • describe the role of the Holy Spirit in the Missio Dei from a Pentecostal 
    perspective
  • recognize and defend the eschatological significance of mission for 
    today’s historical and cultural reality
  • articulate their theology of culture from a Pentecostal/Charismatic 
    perspective and identify the implications for missional engagement
  • identify the missional implications of revival
  • defend our place in history from an eschatological and missional 
    understanding
  • research and write your theology of mission
Outline
  • The Missio Dei = what is it?
  • The Missional nature of the Trinitarian God
  • Christ, Harvest, and the Great Commission
  • The Missional Church
  • The Apostolic Church
  • Biblical perspectives of mission from the Old Testament
  • Biblical perspectives of mission from the New Testament
  • The Role of the Holy Spirit in Mission
  • Spiritual Gifts
  • Signs and Wonders in Mission (Power Evangelism)
  • The Role of the Prophetic in Mission
  • Theologies of culture and the implication for mission
  • Incarnational mission
  • Where the Harvest is today – global trends in missions
  • Pentecostal passion and urgency for mission due to eschatology
  • The Kingdom of God and Eschatology
  • Mission, revival and awakening – what is next?
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:

Ott, Craig, Stephen J. Strauss and Timothy Tennent. 
Encountering Theology of Mission: Biblical Foundations, Historical 
Developments, and Contemporary Issues. 
ISBN: 978-0-8010-2662-1
Baker Academic, 2010 


Wright, Christopher J. H. 
The Mission of God: Unlocking the Bible’s Grand Narrative
ISBN-13: 978-0-8308-2571-4 
InterVarsity Press, 2006

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BIBL 594 - Pauline Pneumatology

Teacher Dr. W. Simmons
Semester Spring Duration 8 Weeks
Frequency Every three years
Credits 5 ECTS Workload 150 Hours
Module format Intensive
Applicability An intensive study of selective topics in biblical studies, including research and critical evaluation of primary and secondary sources. This cannot be used as a substitute for core classes.
Course structure See module and courses
Contact time 40 Hours Self-Study 110 Hours
Participation requirement See access to the program
Evaluation
Evaluation Hours Weight
Phase 1 TBA 30%
Writings and Assignments
TBA 30%
Phase 2 40 45%
Participation in Discussion
TBA 5%
Exams TBA 40%
Phase 3 TBA 25%
Research Paper
TBA 25%
Total 150 100%
Content of the Module This course seeks to examine Paul’s understanding of the Holy Spirit from an exegetical, theological and historical perspective. The intention of the course is to highlight the unique aspects of Paul’s pneumatology. Methodologically, the course will strive to integrate theory (theology) with praxis (discipleship).  
Learning Objectives

A. General Learning Objectives

This course seeks to:

  • Discuss the eschatological significance of the Spirit in the context of Second Temple Judaism and the Early Church
  • Compare and contrast the end-time vision of Judaism and that of the Early Church
  • Examine the unique aspects of Pauline pneumatology in the New Testament
  • Apply the theological and hermeneutical significance of the Spirit to life in the church today


B. Specific Learning Objectives

As a result of the activities and study in this course, students should be able to:

  • Describe the importance of the Spirit for understanding the eschatology of Second Temple Judaism and that of the Early Church
  • Explain the critical similarities and differences that exist between the end-time vision of Judaism and that of the Early Church
  • Discuss the unique contributions of Pauline pneumatology in the New Testament
  • Explore ways in which the theological and hermeneutical significance of Paul’s pneumatology might apply to the church today
Outline
  • Introduction: Why a Pauline pneumatology?
  • Religious and Historical Contextualization
  • Jewish Apocalyptic and the “Two Ages”
  • The Incarnation and Gift of the Spirit: Two Major Apocalyptic Events
  • The “Already…Not Yet”
  • Eschatology and Ethics
  • The Holy Spirit and the New Covenant
  • The Holy Spirit and the New Community
  • Realized Eschatology and Pauline Pneumatology: A Word Study
  • Paul’s Pneumatology in Galatians: A Test Case
  • Special Topic: The Spirit at War
Examination See Evaluation
Core Literature

Textbooks:

Danker, Frederick William (rev. and ed.).  A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and other Early Christian Literature.  3rd edition.  Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press, 2000. 


Dunn, James D. G.  The Theology of Paul the Apostle.  Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1998. 


Fatehi, Mehrdad.  The Spirit’s Relation to the Risen Lord in Paul: An Examination of Its Christological Implications.  Tübingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck, 2000. 

Fee, Gordon D.  Paul, the Spirit, and the People of God.  Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., 1996. 


Gaffin Jr., Richard B.  “‘Life-Giving Spirit’: Probing the Center of Paul’s Pneumatology.”  Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 41, no. 4 (Dec 1998): 573–589. 


Grimm, Carl Ludwig Wilbald.  Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, being Grimm’s Wilke’s Clavis Novi Testamenti.  Translated by Joseph Henry Thayer.  Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1963. 


Mounce, William D. Basics of Biblical Greek: Grammar. 3rd edition. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2009


Pereyra, Roberto.  “The Holy Spirit in the Letters of Paul.”  Davar Logos 13, no. 2 (Sep 2014): 5–24. Rabens, Volker.  The Holy Spirit and Ethics in Paul: Transformation and Empowering for Religious-Ethical Life.  2nd edition.  Tübingen, Germany: Mohr Siebeck, 2013. 


Wedderburn, Alexander J. M.  “Pauline Pneumatology and Pauline Theology.”  In The Holy Spirit and Christian Origins: Essays in Honor of James D. G. Dunn.  Edited by Stephen C. Barton, Bruce W. Longenecker, and Graham N. Stanton.  Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2004.

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